To receive daily emails from Breaking Christian News to your inbox CLICK HERE

With a desire to inhibit metastasis, Cornell biomedical engineers have found the natural switch between the body’s inflammatory response and how malignant breast cancer cells use the bloodstream to spread.

(Ithaca, NY)—With a desire to inhibit metastasis, Cornell biomedical engineers have found the natural switch between the body’s inflammatory response and how malignant breast cancer cells use the bloodstream to spread. (PLOS ONE, Jan. 23, 2013)

Pro-inflammatory signaling molecules in blood called cytokines constitute a “switch” that induces the mechanism by which breast cancer cells “roll” and adhere to the blood vessel surface. The cancer cells eventually stick to the vessel and infiltrate it.

The laboratory of Michael R. King, Cornell professor of biomedical engineering has developed a flow chamber that mimics an inflamed endothelium (the blood vessel wall) and has used this to investigate the metastatic cascade.

In understanding the adhesive behavior of a particularly metastatic cell line, King and Yue Geng, graduate student in the field of biomedical engineering, discovered unexpectedly that these cells were unable to interact with selectins (receptor sites on the endothelium) —a key step in the metastatic cascade. This mechanism is identical to how white blood cells infiltrate blood vessels to reach the site of inflammation.

Cancer has long been associated with inflammation—the body’s natural defense mechanism—and now the researchers have demonstrated a definitive link. They found that the presence of pro-inflammatory molecules—the cytokines IL-6 and TNF-alpha—the malignant, hormone therapy-resistant breast cancer cells used in the study to adhere to the endothelial wall, leading to metastasis.

Before the cancer has spread, tumor cells first encounter IL-6 and TNF-alpha in the primary tumor’s microenvironment. These cytokines induce proliferation and aggregation of cancer cells, triggering other cancer cells to secrete more cytokines, resulting in a positive feedback loop.

The bioengineers went on to design several different cell culture setups to culture cancer cells with human plasma, IL-6 and TNF-alpha to test their hypotheses that inflammatory molecules in blood may induce adhesion capability. All of them promoted breast cancer cell metastatic behavior.

To confirm the results, the scientists used more sophisticated, real-life 3-D tumor spheroids, which are more physiologically accurate. In fact, the spheroid tumor cells exhibited the most significant increase in the interaction between the cancer cells and the blood vessel. They also treated some of the samples with a known anti-inflammatory drug called Metformin, which blocks IL-6, and they found that these samples were not able to metastasize—further accentuating their results.

Improving cancer treatment to fight metastasis via the bloodstream will depend on undoing this roll-and-stick mechanism of cancer cells, Geng says. The Cornell research could form the basis for immunotherapies to block the ligand-selectin binding of cancer cells, by first counteracting the inflammatory cytokines that, it seems, set the whole process in motion.

To receive daily emails from Breaking Christian News to your inbox CLICK HERE

President Trump Reads Bible Aloud from the Oval Office: 'Then Will I Hear from Heaven... and Heal Their Land'

4 Kansas School Districts Gender Identity Policies Broke Federal Law: Education Dept.

Detransitioner Speaks Out on the Horrors of Gender Dysphoria, Sex Change Surgeries

Prayer Alert: Brantley County Wildfire Explodes to 5,000 Acres, Destroys 47 Homes in Southeast Georgia

The SPLC Was Paying the Ku Klux Klan, DOJ Indictment Claims

Iran-Linked Weapons Funding Pipeline Exposed Inside the US

Trump Posts that Iran Regime Is Honoring His Request to Spare the Lives of 8 Female Protesters They Were Planning to Murder Tonight

Chaos and a Coup among Iran's IRGC, as They 'Reject' Trump's Ceasefire Extension, Fire On and Seize 2 Vessels

Young Men Flocking Back to Church in Search of Truth, Says Bestselling Author Jeremiah Johnston

Trans Insanity: Montana's Top Court Says It's Unconstitutional for Driver's Licenses to Say Men Are Men

ActBlue Is Toast, and Democrats Now Have a Massive Problem

DNI Tulsi Gabbard Exposes Conspiracy Used by Congress to Impeach Trump during First Term

Fraud Report: California 'Lost' $425 BILLION, and the Audit Starts... Never

Polls Open in Virginia Congressional Redistricting Vote Which Could Give Democrats a 10-1 Edge if Passed

Prayer Alert: Wildfires Increase across Florida to More Than 100

Israel Marks Memorial Day, Jewish Leaders Sign Apology Letter, as Clock Ticks on 2 Ceasefires

President Trump Calls for IRGC's Release of 8 Women They Plan to Execute

America Reads the Bible' Kicks Off in DC in Record-Breaking Fashion

Sweden Rethinks Digital Learning, Returns to 'Old-Fashioned' Books in Effort to Reverse Poor Literacy

Supreme Court Rejects Parents' Challenge to Massachusetts School Trans Policy

Steve Shultz, Managing Editor
Founder and Owner

Aimee Herd, Editor